Hoʻopili ʻia i ka Era mālama mālama ikehu honua

Ma lalo o ke kāʻei lua-carbon, ua ulu ka mākeke mālama ikehu honua i ka ulu pahū, me Kina, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa i lilo i mau mākeke honua nui no ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu hou, e noho ana ma luna o 80% o ka mākeke.Ma waena o lākou, e pahū piha ka mākeke mālama ikehu hou o Kina i ka makahiki 2022, e ʻoi aku ana ma mua o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e lilo i poʻokela o ka honua e pili ana i ka mana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka 1/3 o ka mākeke honua.

I ka makahiki 2023, me ka mākeke mālama ikehu kūloko i loko o kahi "involution koʻikoʻi", a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o ka mākeke mālama hale ʻEulopa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nānā ʻana i ka mākeke kūloko a i ʻole kahi mākeke ʻē aʻe o nā ʻoihana mālama ikehu Kina, ua hoʻomaka e nānā i ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mākeke honua, a e ʻimi ikaika i ka US a me ʻEulopa ma waho o Australia, Iapana, Asia Hikina Hema, Middle East, a me ka mākeke ʻApelika.Ma ka mākeke mālama ikehu honua, nā hui Kina, nā hui ʻAmelika, nā hui Iapana a me Korea, nā hui ʻEulopa, a me nā hui kūloko mai nā wahi ʻē aʻe e hoʻokūkū nei.Ua lilo ʻo Kina, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa i nā mākeke honua nui no ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu hou, me ka ʻāpana kumulative o ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 80% i ka mākeke mālama mālama honua.

ʻO Kina a me nā mākeke US e hoʻomalu ʻia e ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu pre-meter, ʻoiai ʻo ka mākeke ʻEulopa e hoʻomalu ʻia e ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ʻaoʻao o ka mea hoʻohana, me ka koi nui e hele mai ana mai ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka uila.Wahi a ka European Energy Storage Association (EASE), ua ʻike ʻo ʻEulopa i ka 4.5GW o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma 2022, kahi hoʻonui o 80.9% i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ia ka nui o ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ʻoihana a me ka ʻoihana e pili ana i 2GW, a me ka home. ʻO ka waihona ma kahi o 2.5GW.ʻO ka nui holoʻokoʻa o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ma ka mākeke Iapana ka lua wale nō ma Kina a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma waena o nā ʻāina.ʻO ka hoʻohana uila o Iapana i kēlā me kēia poʻe he ʻelua ʻelua o ka awelika o Asia-Pacific.Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Iapana kekahi o nā mākeke hoʻohiki maikaʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu grid-scale ma ka ʻāina ʻo Asia-Pacific.

Hōʻike ka mākeke Australia i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i ka pā hale a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu nui e hele pū ana, me ka ʻike ʻana o Australia i ka 1.07GWh o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu i 2022, me ka mālama ʻana o ka hale no ka hapalua o ka huina.Loaʻa iā Australia nā papahana mālama mālama ikehu nui, a ua kau aku i nā papahana mālama mālama ikehu me ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka 40GW, e kū ana ma ka poʻokela o ka mākeke mālama mālama uila.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka Middle East, Central Asia, Africa, Southeast Asia, ʻAmelika Hema a me nā mākeke ʻē aʻe e kū mai ana, i hui pū ʻia me ke koi no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mana diesel, ke lilo nei ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu i ʻano o ka "hana hou", ke piʻi nei ka mākeke.

Ma ʻApelika ʻĀkau a me ka Hikina Waena, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka mākeke mana mana hou.E like me ka hopena o 2022, Ioredane i ka hana o ka photovoltaic a me ka makani mana hanauna o ma kahi o 2.4GW (helu no 34%), Morocco photovoltaic makani mana hana helu no 33%, Egypt renewable ikehu mana hana hoʻonoho + papahana ma lalo o ka hana no 10GW. , Saudi Arabia ʻO ke Kai ʻulaʻula e hoʻolālā i ka ikehu hou i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu i hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hoʻolālā hiki ke hiki i 1.3GWh.ʻO ka nui o nā pūnaewele mana ma nā ʻāina ʻo ASEAN e hoʻopuehu ʻia ma nā mokupuni me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻohui pū ʻana, a hiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ke pāʻani nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka paʻa o ka grid i ka wā e ʻai ai i ka ikehu o ka lā a me ka makani.No laila, ma Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia a me Indonesia a me nā ʻāina a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, wikiwiki loa ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke mālama ikehu.

ʻO ʻApelika Hema, ʻo ia ka lua o ka hoʻokele waiwai nui loa ma ʻApelika, ke kū nei i kahi pilikia mana no nā makahiki he nui, a ua manaʻo ʻia ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o kāna mākeke mālama pākaukau i nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana.Hōʻike ka hōʻike o ka World Bank i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke mālama pākaukau o South Africa mai 270MWh i 2020 a i 9,700MWh i 2030, a ma ke kūlana maikaʻi loa e manaʻo ʻia e ulu i 15,000MWh.Eia naʻe, i kēia makahiki, e hoʻomaka ana ka mākeke mālama ikehu o ʻApelika Hema i kahi hoʻoilo mahana, a ke hoʻopilikia nei nā mea waiwai kiʻekiʻe i nā hoʻouna, a ʻo ka loaʻa kālā o nā ʻoihana pili i lalo o ke kaomi i nā pae.

Ma ʻAmelika Hema, manaʻo ʻia ʻo Brazil e noho aliʻi, i ʻike ʻia e ka piʻi ʻana o ka ikehu mai nā hale noho a me nā ʻoihana ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana.Ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻo Argentina, ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka mālama ʻana i ka paila, e noʻonoʻo ana i nā ʻōnaehana mālama pono-nui.